Cancer epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of cancer in populations. This field of research aims to understand the factors that contribute to the development of cancer, such as genetics, lifestyle choices, environmental exposures, and socioeconomic factors. By analyzing patterns of cancer incidence, prevalence, and mortality, epidemiologists can identify risk factors and trends in cancer occurrence, which can inform the development of strategies for prevention, early detection, and treatment of cancer. Researchers in cancer epidemiology use a variety of methodologies, including population-based surveys, cohort studies, case-control studies, and meta-analyses to investigate the causes and prevention of cancer.